1. 环境： 
    2.  
         
  2. nginx   反向代理    172.16.0.100 
    3.  
         
  3. apache1 web     172.16.0.110 
    4.  
         
  4. apache2 web     172.16.0.120 
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  5.  
    6.  
         
  6. 目的：网站静态文件分离为多个域名，每个域名分别在两台apache上做负载均衡，nginx缓存静态文件，并实现故障转移…… 
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  7.  
    8.  
         
  8. -------------------------------------------- 
    9.  
         
  9. nginx配置: 
    10.  
        
 
    
     
         
  1. vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/proxy.conf
    2.  
         
  2. proxy_redirect off; 
    3.  
         
  3. proxy_set_header Host $host; 
    4.  
         
  4. proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; 
    5.  
         
  5. proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; 
    6.  
         
  6. proxy_ignore_client_abort on; 
    7.  
         
  7. proxy_connect_timeout 90; 
    8.  
         
  8. proxy_send_timeout 90; proxy_read_timeout 90; 
    9.  
         
  9. proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_503 http_404;
    10.  
         
  10. proxy_set_header Accept-Encoding '';
    11.  
         
  11.  
    12.  
         
  12. vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
    13.  
         
  13. server{ 
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  14.         listen 80; 
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  15.     server_name jpg.test.com; 
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  16.     root /data/webroot/jpg; 
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  17.  
    18.  
         
  18.     location ~* .*\.(jpg|gif|js|css|html|htm)$ { 
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  19.         expires 1d; 
    20.  
         
  20.         proxy_store on; 
    21.  
         
  21.         proxy_store_access user:rw group:r all:r; 
    22.  
         
  22.         proxy_temp_path /data/webroot/jpg; 
    23.  
         
  23.         include proxy.conf;
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  24.  if ( !-e $request_filename) { 
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  25.         proxy_pass  http://jpg;}} 
    26.  
         
  26. } 
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  27.  
    28.  
         
  28. server{ 
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  29.         listen 80; 
    30.  
         
  30.         server_name jpg1.test.com; 
    31.  
         
  31.         root /data/webroot/jpg1; 
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  32.  
    33.  
         
  33.         location ~* .*\.(jpg|gif|js|css|html|htm)$ { 
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  34.                 expires 1d; 
    35.  
         
  35.                 proxy_store on; 
    36.  
         
  36.                 proxy_store_access user:rw group:r all:r; 
    37.  
         
  37.                 proxy_temp_path /data/webroot/jpg1;          
    38.  
         
  38.  include proxy.conf; 
    39.  
         
  39.                 if ( !-e $request_filename) { 
    40.  
         
  40.                 proxy_pass  http://jpg1;}} 
    41.  
         
  41. } 
    42.  
         
  42.  
    43.  
         
  43. server{ 
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  44.         listen 80; 
    45.  
         
  45.         server_name jpg2.test.com; 
    46.  
         
  46.         root /data/webroot/jpg2; 
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  47.  
    48.  
         
  48.         location ~* .*\.(jpg|gif|js|css|html|htm)$ { 
    49.  
         
  49.                 expires 1d; 
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  50.                 proxy_store on; 
    51.  
         
  51.                 proxy_store_access user:rw group:r all:r; 
    52.  
         
  52.                 proxy_temp_path /data/webroot/jpg2; 
    53.  
         
  53.           include proxy.conf;
    54.  
         
  54.                 if ( !-e $request_filename) { 
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  55.                 proxy_pass  http://jpg2;}} 
    56.  
         
  56. } 
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  57.  
    58.  
         
  58. server{ 
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  59.         listen 80; 
    60.  
         
  60.         server_name jpg3.test.com; 
    61.  
         
  61.         root /data/webroot/jpg3; 
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  62.  
    63.  
         
  63.         location ~* .*\.(jpg|gif|js|css|html|htm)$ { 
    64.  
         
  64.                 expires 1d; 
    65.  
         
  65.                 proxy_store on; 
    66.  
         
  66.                 proxy_store_access user:rw group:r all:r; 
    67.  
         
  67.                 proxy_temp_path /data/webroot/jpg3; 
    68.  
         
  68.           include proxy.conf;
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  69.                 if ( !-e $request_filename) { 
    70.  
         
  70.                 proxy_pass  http://jpg3;}} 
    71.  
         
  71. } 
    72.  
         
  72.  
    73.  
         
    74.  
         
  74.  
    75.  
         
  75.  
    76.  
         
  76. upstream jpg { 
    77.  
         
  77.      server 172.16.0.110:80 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s; 
    78.  
         
  78.      server 172.16.0.120:80 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s; 
    79.  
         
  79. } 
    80.  
         
  80. upstream jpg1 { 
    81.  
         
  81.      server 172.16.0.110:81 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s; 
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  82.      server 172.16.0.120:81 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s; 
    83.  
         
  83. } 
    84.  
         
  84. upstream jpg2 { 
    85.  
         
  85.      server 172.16.0.110:82 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s; 
    86.  
         
  86.      server 172.16.0.120:82 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s; 
    87.  
         
  87. } 
    88.  
         
  88. upstream jpg3 { 
    89.  
         
  89.      server 172.16.0.110:83 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s; 
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  90.      server 172.16.0.120:83 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s; 
    91.  
         
  91. } 
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  92.  
    93.  
         
  93. --------------------------------------------- 
    94.  
         
  94.  
    95.  
         
  95. apache都使用以下配置：注意使用端口区分！！！ 
    96.  
         
  96.  
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  97. <VirtualHost *:80> 
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  98.     ServerAdmin webmaster@test.cn 
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  99.     DocumentRoot "/data/webroot/jpg" 
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  100.     ServerName jpg.test.com 
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  101. </VirtualHost> 
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  102.  
    103.  
         
  103. <VirtualHost *:81> 
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  104.     ServerAdmin webmaster@test.cn 
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  105.     DocumentRoot "/data/webroot/jpg" 
    106.  
         
  106.     ServerName jpg1.test.com 
    107.  
         
  107. </VirtualHost> 
    108.  
         
  108.  
    109.  
         
  109. <VirtualHost *:82> 
    110.  
         
  110.     ServerAdmin webmaster@test.cn 
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  111.     DocumentRoot "/data/webroot/jpg2" 
    112.  
         
  112.     ServerName jpg2.test.com 
    113.  
         
  113. </VirtualHost> 
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  114.  
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  115. <VirtualHost *:83> 
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  116.     ServerAdmin webmaster@test.cn 
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  117.     DocumentRoot "/data/webroot/jpg3" 
    118.  
         
  118.     ServerName jpg3.test.com 
    119.  
         
  119. </VirtualHost> 
    120.  
         
  120.  
    121.  
         
  121. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
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    123.  
         
  123. 总结： 
    124.  
         
  124. 1、防盗链 
    125.  
         
  125. 如果apache使用了图片防盗链，则nginx不用再做防盗链配置 
    126.  
         
  126. 2、apache 
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  127.  
    128.  
         
  128. if ( !-e $request_filename) { 
    129.  
         
  129.     proxy_pass  http://172.16.0.110:83;}
    130.  
         
  130. 还可以改/etc/hosts文件，解析域名到对应后端web服务器。建议使用端口方式！
    131.  
         
  131. 4、关于proxy_set_header Accept-Encoding ''; 
    132.  
         
  132. nginx 向后端请求 gzip 内容 
    133.  
         
  133. proxy_set_header Accept-Encoding 'gzip'; 
    134.  
         
  134. nginx 向后端请求未 gzip 内容 
    135.  
         
  135. proxy_set_header Accept-Encoding ''; 
    136.  
         
  136. 5、nginx定义服务器集时最好使用端口定义不同服务器
    137.  
         
  137. 6、 proxy_temp_path定义的目录nginx为了有写入权限，会在重启nginx时自动把此目录属主改为nginx进程用户
    138.  
         
  138. 7、proxy_next_upstream设定了相应条件后，nginx只查寻一遍，不会无限制查询
    139.